![]() However, English and French rulers kept their political enemies in such prisons as the Tower of London and the Bastille in Paris. Some criminals were punished by being made to row the oars on ships called galleys. The authorities punished most offenders in public in order to discourage other people from breaking the law. Common punishments at that time included branding, imposing fines, whipping, and capital punishment (execution). Instead, people were imprisoned while awaiting trial or punishment. The law enforcement agencies have been given the powers by the society to curtail the freedom of its citizens by taking them into custody in connection with their deviant conduct.īefore the 1700’s, governments seldom imprisoned criminals for punishment. The aim of the society as expressed in its criminal law is to safeguard its own existence to maintain order and to make it possible for all citizens to lead a good life, free from molestation of others. John Locke, the great English political theorist of seventeenth century expressed that men were basically good but laws were still needed to keep down ’the few desperate men in society’. Prisons’ were considered as a ‘House of Captives’ where prisoners were kept for retributory and deterrent punishment. Broadly speaking, the existence of prisons in our society is an ancient phenomenon since vedic period where the anti-social elements were kept in a place identified by the rulers to protect the society against crime.
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